M.P. COUNCIL OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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M.P. COUNCIL OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY |
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Vigyan Bhawan, Science Hills, |
| MANIT Campus, Nehru Nagar | |
| Bhopal- 462003 (INDIA) | |
| Phone: (0755) 2671800,2671900, | |
| Fax : (0755) 2671600 | |
| E-mail : hpgarg01@rediffmail.com | |
| Prof. H. P. Garg | mpcost@nic.in |
| Directore General | |
| Science advisor(Govt. of M.P.) & | |
| Principal Secretary, DST(Govt. of M.P.) |
23 May, 2002
Dear Sir,
M.P. Council of
Science and Technology (MAPCOST) has formulated a Draft State Science and Technology
Policy & Vision 2020 which was placed before the Hon’ble Members of the Governing
Body of MAPCOST under the Chairmanship of Hon’ble Chief Minister Shri Digvijay
Singhji on 21st May, 2002.
The Policy has
given due importance to public perspective of Science and Technology vis-a-vis rural and
tribal population. Many core sectors have
been identified in order to prepare the State to face the challenges in Science &
Technology in 21st century. Now the above draft is thrown to the public (which
includes academicians, science managers, scientists, government officers, prospective
farmers, industrialists, and others) for debate. The aim is to get expert
opinion/suggestions, if any.
In pursuance to
above, I am hereby enclosing the draft document of State Science Policy & Vision 2020
for your kind perusal. I expect you to kindly go through it and give your valuable
suggestions/comments, which would fulfill our requirement and goal of giving final shape
to the State Science Policy. Kindly send your comments before 24th June 2002. The Madhya Pradesh Government shall
announce its Science and Technology Policy and VISION 2020 shortly.
With best
regards,
Yours sincerely,
(Prof. H.P.
Garg)
-
The key
to the national prosperity apart from the spirit of the people lies on the modern age in
the effective combination of three factors: technology, raw materials and capital, of
which the first is perhaps the most important, since the creation and adoption of new
scientific techniques can infact, make up for deficiency in national resources and reduce
the demands on capital. But technology can only grow out of the study of science and its
application.
- Scientific Policy Resolution - 1958
The State:
Madhya Pradesh
is the 2nd biggest state of the country and ranks 7th in population.
The state is primarily an agriculture state. Nearly 73% population of the state is rural,
the total geographic area of the state is 30.75 million hectare, which is divided in to 45
districts and 12 revenue divisions. The state has 313 development blocks which are the
units for developmental activities. The forests occupies an areas of 8.49 million hectares
which is 27.2% of the geographical area of the state where as the cultivated area is about
49%.
Following is the
general profile of the state compared to the national coverage:
India
M.P.
Area (lakh
Sq.km)
32.87
3.08
Population in
million (2001 census)
Total
Male
Female
10270.15
5312.77
4957.38
603.85
314.57
289.28
% age
Decennial growth Rate 1991-2001
+ 21.34
+ 24.34
Density of
Pop. (Per Sq. km)
324
196
Sex Ratio in
Total Population (F/1000 M)
933
920
Sex Ratio in
0-6 Year Child Population (F/1000 M)
927
929
Agriculture:
This sector is
one of the important contributor of the Madhya Pradesh economy and provides employment to
3/4th of the labour force. Agriculture sector has its own impact on industry
and services. The allied sectors like horticulture, dairy and inland fisheries are labour
intensive and provides employment opportunity also. The average growth rate in Madhya
Pradesh in agriculture is 4 to 5%, which is faster than all India average 3.1%.
The state has about 62% of the total geographic land area under cultivation, 28% under forest and 10% under non-agricultural use. The State of Madhya Pradesh has diverse climatic and soil condition and offers diverse agricultural products. The state has 11 agroclimatic zones in 5 crop zones. 65% cropped area is under food crops, including horticulture and remaining area is under non-food crops like oil seeds. The main crops grown in Madhya Pradesh are wheat, gram and soyabean. M.P. has a distinction of being largest producer of oilseeds (21%) and about 70% of soyabean production of the country.. The State leads in garlic production (25%) and is 3rd largest producer of milk.
Industry
This sector contributes 8.5% employment of the state work force and 23% state GDP. The State is rich in lime stone, coal, cotton, boxite, iron ore etc. The average rate of industrial growth has been 5%.
Information
Technology
The state has a turn over of Rs. 100 crore with Information Technology exports contributing Rs. 20 crores. The state has IT friendly policy. The IT policy of Madhya Pradesh envisages a seemless society with global opportunity. It aims to achieve high standard in IT literacy creating approximately 1 million jobs by 2008.
Education
Madhya Pradesh has 64% literacy rate. M.P. aims to become a fully literate state by 2010. The Govt. has identified education as a priority with focus on providing quality, relevant education to all.
Labour
The
majority of the labour force in the state belong to unorganized sector, which include
landless agricultural workers, those engaged in forestry and construction activity.
Urban
Development
There have
been tremendous growths in urban population in the state for last few years which is one
of the highest in the country. The growth rate of urban population has been more than
double that of rural population (22.2%).
Madhya
Pradesh occupies the central position in India. National Trunk routes, the North-South and
the East-West corridors, pass through the state. Before the separation of Chhattisgarh,
the state possessed a total road length of as much as 100,556 km, almost 3000 km of
National Highways and 10,000 km State Highways.
Power
The power
sector in Madhya Pradesh is faced with severe problems and major challenges. The growth in
installed capacity has not been commensurate with the demand for power and therefore,
shortages-both energy and peak-prevail, necessitating restrictions and power cuts. Energy
shortages have increased from about 6% in 1992 to about 12% in 1999; and peak shortage has
reached almost 20% in 1999. The transmission and distribution system is overloaded and is
beset with problems of high line losses, low voltages and lack of reliability.
Finance
The State
of Madhya Pradesh was ranked 11th among the 14 major states in Gross State
Domestic Product in 1998. In terms of per capita income (Rs. 2205 in 1996-97) too, it
occupied the eleventh position in nineties.
Gross State
Domestic Product of Madhya Pradesh (In Rs. Cr.)
1993-94
1994-95
1995-96
1996-97
1997-98
1998-99
CAGR
Current Price
52752
58610
65800
75345
81042
90736
11.5%
1993-94 prices
52752
54291
57156
60849
61427
65520
4.4%
Forests
Madhya Pradesh is endowed with rich and diverse forest
resource. It is a reservoir of biodiversity.
The geographical area of the state is 3,08,252 sq.km which constitutes 9.38% of the land
area of the country. The forest area of the state is 95,221 sq.km constituting 31% of the
geographical area of the state and 12.44% of the forest area of the country. The State of
Madhya Pradesh supports highest number of tribals in the country. These tribal belts are
very rich in medicinal plants diversity as well as in traditional knowledge base
especially health ailments through medicinal plants.
DRAFT SCIENCE POLICY DOCUMENT
AND
Recognizing that Science and Technology is a powerful tool for economic prosperity of the state, the said policy enunciated the following elements in its Science and Technology Policy:
§ To promote and
practice science at district level for identifying problems and offering solutions through
Science and Technology interventions with the help of national R&D agencies.
§ To promote and
practice science in all discipline at school and college level in order to foster
scientific research in the State.
§ To create
‘Science Hills’ as a utility centre for the industries technologists and
scientists of the state
§ To promote and
ensure full participation of women scientist and technologists in all areas of Research
and Development.
§ To ensure
functional autonomy of highest orders to maintain excellence in science.
§ To protect the
interest of innovators through effective state IPR policy.
§ To harness
modern scientific and technology advances so that rapid progress is made in the field of
agriculture, food and water security to bring modern health care to the people of the
state with special care to the tribal population of the sector.
§ To ensure inter-connectivity of all research and technical institutions of the state for its access and knowledge sharing.
§ Food security
§ Increased
production system and post harvest technologies.
§ Generation of
productions and services which have national and international market.
§ Adoption of
modern tools of biotechnology and space science.
§ Intellectual
property protection and patent literacy
§ Improve the
status through S&T of the state in such commodities where the state is ahead of others
(like indigenous and traditional knowledge/skills like handicrafts, wood carving, etc.)
§ To harness
biodiversity (flora, fauna and microorganism) and non-timber forest debt settlement agreement . toenail fungus treatment . Luxury will come as a bonus! Buy Breitling replica watches. . Unique properties of Vitamins for skin your first and irreplaceable helpers. produce.
§ Socio-economic
upliftment of tribal population through S&T applications.
The S&T requirements of the state are met by the M.P. Council of Science and Technology (MAPCOST) which is also a nodal agency of the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, New Delhi in the state.
The M.P. Council of Science & Technology was constituted to fulfill the following objectives based on the recommendations of the workshop of S&T Council’s held in Bangalore in 1981 as per the Govt. of India Science Policy Resolution 1958.
§ To identify area in which science and technology can be utilized for
achieving the socio-economic objectives of the State, and in particular, the objectives of
tackling the problems of backwardness, unemployment and poverty in the rural areas, and
among the under-privileged sections of society, such as Scheduled castes, Scheduled
Tribes, Landless Labour, Artisans, Small and Marginal Farmers and Women.
§ To advice Government of policies and measures necessary to
promote utilization of Science & Technology for the achievement of the said
socio-economic objectives.
§ To initiate, support, promote and co-ordinate such research
and development projects and programmes (including demonstration projects) as are likely
to be relevant to the achievement of specific objectives and problems and help in the
fruitful exploitation of the natural resources of the State through various institutions
and organizations in the state.
§ To establish, or assist in the establishment of
infrastructure (institutions, Organizations etc) necessary to Science and technology to
further the development efforts of the State.
§ To set up and administer documentation centres and/or
laboratories.
§ To prepare or assist in the preparation of Science and
Technology plans and formulate research and development programmes, approve such
programmes if received from other institutions and finance and/or aid such projects by
means of grants, loans, supply of materials, provision of experts etc.
§ To promote the popularization of Science and the spread of a
scientific temper and attitude amongst the people of the State and to disseminate
scientific knowledge by means of pamphlets, journals, films etc. and to organize seminars
and conferences to promote Science and Technology.
§ To supplement the activities of the State Government in the
field of Science & Technology.
§ To interact with other State Councils and national Science
and technology bodies with similar or related objectives.
§ To take any other steps which are relevant to the application
of Science & Technology to the problems of the State and to promote education in
Science and Technology.
§ To institute prizes and awards for meritorious research and
development work in Science & Technology; and
§ Generally to take all such measures with the approval of the
Council as are likely to accelerate the process of modernization in Madhya Pradesh through
the use of Science & Technology.
Science and Technology vs State Finance
Rapid
technological changes and global integration require active exploration of emerging issues
to offer creative and adequate response to challenges facing the scientific community
today. The expenditure on R&D is dominated by the Central Govt. (65%) while the share
of the State Govt., private sector industry, and public sector industry is 9,16 & 10%
respectively. The allocation made by the State Govts. has not been substantial. The fruit
of S&T advances in wide scale is not possible unless the state do not share finances
in a large scale. The S&T financial structure in the state needs to be drastically
improved.
 |
Core Issues
Identified/Areas of Focus
1. Promotion of
Basic Science:
The Government
would consider the new mechanism for the promotion of basic science and will ensure that
the applied science flourishes as it is now. With the advent of market driven economy the
interest is now gradually shifting to the applied sciences and the basic science is not
given the adequate attention. Therefore, it becomes the duty of the state to protect and
fund the basic sciences.
The State Govt.
will encourage and promote R&D activities in:
§ Engineering
Sciences (including
chemical engineering, electrical, electronics and computer engineering, materials, mining
& minerals engineering, mechanical engineering and civil engineering, robotics and
manufacturing)
§ Earth Sciences
§ Physical and
chemical sciences (condensed
matter physics and materials science, plasma physics, high energy physics, nuclear
physics, astronomy and astrophysics, nonlinear dynamics, lasers, optics, atomic and
molecular physics)
§ Life sciences (animal
sciences, biochemistry, microbiology, cellular, molecular, biology and biophysics, medical
biology, plant sciences)
2.
Remote Sensing
Applications
Government will promote use of space science for managing natural resources, urban settlement and planning and in other social sectors. National (Natural) Resources Information System (NRIS) will be made operational in all district of Madhya Pradesh with the link up facilities in Bhopal. GIS tool will be used for digital data-base creation, data management, analysis and perspective plan formulation.
3. Human Resource Development
4.
District Level S&T Planning
S&T Clinics
As the state
has a distinct decentralized power instrument in the form of Zila Sarkars, Council also activated its manpower
to intervene at micro-level. A Scientist in-charge is entrusted with the responsibility to
interact with the Zila Sarkars of a particular
district designated to him/her in order to effectively present product and services which could be
offered by the Council. Likewise all the 45-districts of the state have been covered and
it is hoped that the Science & Technology intervention at the district level will be
able to serve to the rural people as mandated. Results have started coming and few
District Collectors have directly contacted the Council.
Further, it has
been planned that Science and Technology Clinics
would be established in each districts for immediate trouble shooting and technology
sourcing as and where required by the people. It would also offer its consultancy services
in related areas of Science and Technology befitting to the resources found in these
districts.
5.
Science Popularization
Science has to be brought closer to the lives of the people
specially in rural areas. Popular science lectures will be developed at low cost in
regional languages. Special interactive programmes of scientists and technocrats with
common people should be planned in rural areas focussing on local problems.
The Government
would continue its effort to enhance public awareness of the importance of Science and
Technology in everyday life. All sections of people must be able to consider emerging
S&T options. In recent years advances in Biotechnology and Information Technology have
dramatically increased public interest in technology options in areas as wide ranging as
agriculture, health and communication. Government will provide support for programmes that
seek to popularize and promote Science and Technology in all parts of Madhya Pradesh.
6. Technology
Management
Industry-Academia
partnership:
The current industrial scenario is characterized by the high frequency of innovation, shortening of techno-economic life cycles; commercialization of technologies, globalization of transitional, research alliances, intensive R&D programme etc. These trends pose major challenges and opportunities for R&D sector. One of the dominant factors which has a considerable bearing on each one of them is technology.
Technology is
complex and at the same time changing its character and increasingly becoming
inter-disciplinary in nature, knowledge intensive and global in character involving a
large number of individuals and organizations within and across national boundaries.
Managing such an entity is a challenge of a high order.
The technology
management programme would enhance capabilities in industry and R&D to manage
technology effectively in the new competitive environment.
The key issues
pertaining to technology management are:
§ Corporate
technology strategy
§ Integration of
corporate technology strategy with business strategy.
§ Decisions
relating to technology acquisition and
R&D management.
§ Technology
marketing and finance
§ Strategies/alliance
and technology pricing.
§ IPR protection
Approach:
§ Enhancing
knowledge through collaborations, case studies, bibiliographics, and Technology Management
measurement systems.
§ Providing
training through workshops/seminars/interaction meet etc.
§ Facilitation of
TM related activities.
The State will established a
Technology Management Centre to cater the need of industry, scientific institutions and
technology managers.
7. Intellectual
Property Rights and Knowledge Management
Creation of adequate intellectual property professionals and
establishment of appropriate infrastructure for IPR administration and promotion of patent
filing and encouraging inventive activities
State with
suitable mechanism to identify and to give monetary or any other suitable award to the
patentee of meritorious inventors and other creative activities.
§ Enhance
patenting skills in the state.
§ Evolve
guidelines for early stage identification and valuation of IPR.
§ Undertake a
worldwide patent search prior to initiation of R&D.
Private sector (small and medium) sized enterprises, local
business, legal profession, local inventors and other will be integrated. Protection of
traditional knowledge, biological diversity protection of folklore and electronic commerce
will be promoted.
8. Knowledge
Sharing/Network
The trend towards
technological competitiveness and the emerging information-intensive global economy have
encouraged networking aiming at pooling expertise, making effective use of resources and
deriving common benefits from different organizations.
R&D is an expensive proposition and different organizations have differing strengths and weaknesses. Networking provides an effective mechanism to exchange knowledge and to intermesh the advantages and weaknesses of the participating organizations for the benefit of accelerating the pace of progress in R&D. Council will design methodologies and strategies to profit from this trend.
Government of Madhya Pradesh is contemplating Bhopal as a
city of higher learning. Bhopal has many National and State Government institutions and
universities. To harvest the available techno-bank under one umbrella, Council has drafted
an MoU with Regional Research Laboratory, Bhopal; Barkatullah University, Bhopal, Maulana
Azad National Institute of Technology, Bhopal, Central Institute of Agricultural
Engineering, Bhopal. This MoU basically aims to pool the available manpower and resources
to help state in Science and Technology sector.
9. Technology
Dissemination and Industry.
The entrepreneurial ability innovativenes and creativity of
the workers (who happens to be the key players in the production process) provides real
dynamism and validity to a modern economy.
There is great
need and scope for significant augmentation of this human capital. Simple training of such
individuals would give them some basic tools of modern business management practices.
The Government
will promote Science and Technology as an important tool for development of the State. The
role of private industry in Research and Development will be enhanced. Efforts will be
made to promote R&D in industry by fiscal measure and also by actively increasing
linkages between private R&D establishment and publicity funded institutions. Measure
to increase the active involvement of industry in promoting technical education will be
put in place.
10. Technology Business
Incubation Promotion
Entrepreneurship
promotion for employment generation:
The state will
promote technology incubation units to facilitate the entrepreneur converting his/her new
idea/concept/service or a product into a commercially viable business and bring its
product to market. The viable technologies developed for available natural resource base
found in the state will be promoted and will be made available in the market through TBI
units. This will provide opportunities for entrepreneurship development and employment
generation.
11. Biotechnology:
Bioenergy/Biofuel
and Biovillage Development
State will promote
and accelerate the developments in the field of biotechnology by providing support for:
§ Research and
Development in identified areas of modern biology and biotechnology.
§ Demonstration
and technology transfer activities.
§ Human Resource
Development.
§ Creation of
infrastructure facilities and centres of excellence
§ Industrial
biotechnology
§ Biovillage and
bioenergy/biofuel development.
§ Support to
research institutions
§ Networking and
collaboration
The main thrust will be to promote
biotechnology research and development with the following objectives:
§ Demonstration
validation and packaging of technologies on the basis of the R&D leads obtained.
§ Convert the
R&D leads into commercial products.
§ Develop
eco-friendly and sustainable technology packages for biofertilizers, biopesticides, and
biocontrol agents specific to different agro-climatic regions in the state
§ Ensure large
scale application of biotechnology based products for rural development.
§ Support R&D
programmes in identified areas which would aim at achieving excellence, development of new
products/process, patents and technology for application.
§ Develop need
based human resource and provide training at all levels
§ Ensure biosafety
guidelines.
Agriculture and
allied areas, medical, industrial and environmental biotechnology.
12.
Biological Prospecting
In view of the immense biological wealth and genetic
diversity which constitute a potential resource base for bioprospecting and sustainable
development, state will undertake initiative to launch a major collaborative programme on
bioprospecting of biological resources. The program would aim at characterization,
inventiorisation and conservation of biodiversity of different agro-climatic zones and
prospecting of genes and biomolecules.
13. Agriculture and
Agribusiness Post Harvest Technologies
Agriculture plays
a key role in Indian and the state economy. With the advent of new economic policy, the
agriculture sector has suddenly become extraordinarily important. To boost the agriculture
produce exports, government has already declared Malwa region as exclusive agriculture zone, where the produce will
be meant exclusively for export purposes. To achieve this, scientific farming, efficient
post-harvest technology, biofertilizer and biopesticides inputs, and quality packaging is
required. Council proposes to organize Kisan Melas
in selected districts of Madhya Pradesh. Council’s scientists will help farmers to
train them in new technologies like biofertilizers, biopesticides, biotechnology and
improved seeds. This will prepare themselves to fight challenges ahead in agriculture
sector in the light of new WTO regime. Value
addition and product diversification will be one of the important focus area in
agriculture, non-timber forest produce and traditional crafts.
14. Food Security
and Conservation of Endangered Species
The Government
will ensure that the rich flora and fauna remains conserved for the generation to come and
at the same time the fruits of biodiversity are harvested through Science and Technology
application. This would also help in food security efforts of the Government especially
for people living below poverty line.
15. Natural Resource
Management
The State of
Madhya Pradesh is very rich in natural resources and it is the duty of the Government to
sustainable harvest these natural resources to ensure the economic prosperity of people of
the State. The vision will be for the efficient conservation and management of natural
resources. The areas propose to be covered are mineral and mines, forests and water
resources.
16. Rain Water
Harvesting
The State of Madhya Pradesh is facing
acute water problem for last many years. The only possible solution is the scientific and
sustainable use of water which is available in the form of rain. Council has taken
initiative to further strengthen the efforts of the State Governments Pani Roko Abhiyan. Council plans to identify
potential zones for recharging of water bodies lies in the weathered horizon which once
proved to be good aquifers but due to gradual lowering of water table the zone became dry,
thus, by recharging these zones through rain water which otherwise would have run off,
will recharge the depleted aquifer.
17.
Energy Management
The State of Madhya Pradesh is facing a severe energy crises due to various factors like transmission and distribution losses, poor maintenance of power-houses etc. State has so far not prepared itself to harvest the non-conventional and renewable energy sources. Council plans to electrify 100 villages through non-conventional energy sources and is seeking funds from the central agencies. The target villages have already been selected.
18.
Establishment of knowledge park
Four thematic knowledge parks will be established in Gwalior, Indore, Jabalpur and Bhopal to promote entrepreneurship and employment in Biotechnology , Drugs and Pharmaceuticals, Healthcare, Energy and Environment. Information technology enabled services will be used in knowledge parks.
19.
Linkages for External Funding
Identification and linkages of prospective funding agencies is essential in order to make meaningful impact of S&T in the state. The state will make its efforts to generate funds from national and international agencies.
Central Govt. : DST/DBT/DSIR/DOD/ICAR/ICMR/ DOS/MHRD / MEF/ Ministry of Rural Development/CAPART/MNES
Financial Institutions : NABARD/SIDBI
Commissions
:
KVIC
International : UNDP/UNEP/GEF/ESCAP/UNESCO/ADB
Other bodies : CII/FICCI/NGO/PHDCCI